My dad's blood pressure readings are high. I've spent months researching and testing all major beet powder on the market. After consulting healthcare experts and documenting results, I'm sharing what we found to help families find the best solution for their loved ones.
Last updated: 07/20/2024
My dad's blood pressure readings are high. I spent months researching and testing all the best beet powders. I'm sharing my findings so you can find the best solution for your loved ones.
Last updated: 11/07/2024
I went on a journey to find the best beet powder for blood pressure support, heart health, and energy in the market. Beetroot powder is clinically supported as a natural vasodilator. My top choice was Live It Up.
What I love:
The best tasting greens powder
Custom blend of 19 raw organic ingredients
All natural superfood ingredients
100% certified organic, vegan, gluten-free
Has probiotics and digestive enzymes for gut health
Easy to make
Supports immunity system
Made in California
No added sugars
30 day money back guarantee
What could be better:
Only available online (and runs out sometimes)
"Enso Supergreens checks all of the boxes for a super greens powder that is easy to use, tastes good, and has all of the organic superfoods needed to help aid with digestion, boost my energy levels and overall health, and promote immunity and longevity down the line"
— as reviewed by WiseGeek (2022)
Here are the nutrients that doctors look for & factors that Registered Dietitian Rachel Gargano and National Institute of Health* say matter in a beetroot powder:
✅ Heart Health benefits
✅ Nitrate content
✅ Antioxidant content
✅ No additives or fillers
✅ Processing method
✅ Quality of Ingredients
✅ Taste
✅ Smell
✅ Texture
✅ Easy to make
✅ Price
National Institute of Health (NIH): Study 1, Study 2, and Study 3.
Before spending hundreds of dollars on products, I created a strict checklist based on:
I purchased and carefully tested 10 products (in the picture above). I then ran through the below testing process with each one of them.
My dad enjoying his daily "Feel The Beet"
What I love:
Clinically studied and helps support healthy blood pressure
Highest concentration of nitrates
Energy boost similar to coffee
Supports circulation and healthy aging
Best priced premium beet powder
Made with organic beets
All natural and non-GMO
Best tasting (fresh and natural)
Sugar free
No stevia or artificial sweeteners
Easy to make
Clinically lab tested
30-day money-back guarantee
Free shipping
What could be better:
No welcome kit
Thin powder
Only available online
★ Overall Rating ️
My ABSOLUTE favorite! Live it Up checked all of my boxes.
It has the highest concentration of ingredients for cardiovascular and blood pressure support. Additionally, everything was 100% made from real food, clinically tested, and high quality.
Lastly, but not least it was the best tasting beet powder I tried, which makes it enjoyable to take daily!
★ What I love ️
1) Ingredients and health benefits: This beetroot powder stands out for its high-quality ingredients and thoughtful formulation. Made with organic beets (sourced locally and produced in the US), the careful, cold processing method preserves the natural nutrients. This formulation is also rich in nitrates. Additionally, its packed with tons of other superfoods designed for heart health and energy. Nutrients like maca, pomegranate, bacopa, ginko bilopa, reishi, and more are full of antioxidants, fiber, and essential nutrients to support cardiovascular health. This was by far the most powerful superfoods blend I found with comprehensive heart health benefits.
(2) Taste: Live it Up actually tastes and smells good. It's fresh, refreshing and it dissolves really well with a spoon or a mixer. The taste was good by itself in its simplest form (with water only), but it was easy to combine it with other liquids like milk (or milk alternatives) and juices. It is TRICKY to find a great tasting beet powder.
(3) Price: all right, this wasn't the cheapest product I tried, but it is definitely on the most affordable side of the spectrum, especially when compared to its competitors at the same level of quality and variety of ingredients.
★ What could be better
Live it Up is one of the thinnest powders, which can be good and bad. Even though this makes it easier to mix and less chunky, it can also make it messier if you're a bit clumsy like me. Also, this product only sells online and, if you're not part of their subscription, it can run out quickly. As of now, the product is currently available on the Live it Up website!
★ Ingredients
Live it Up is a superfood beets blend designed to be part of a heart healthy routine or for anyone that's looking to enhance their daily energy, athletic performance, or well-being.
I spent considerable time analyzing the nutrition profile and ingredients of this beetroot powder blend, ensuring I understood and could endorse each component, particularly for heart health and energy support.
The Vitality blend (5000mg) is formulated to support heart health. As I mentioned the combination of superfoods, rich in nitrates, antioxidants, and essential nutrients are targeted towards supporting cardiovascular function*.
They pack the product with nitrates - using 2,400mg of high quality organic beet.
Ashwagandha, Maca, Gink Bilopa, and bacopa are adaptogenic herbs rich in anti-oxidants with anti-inflammatory properties, which are amazing for the heart..
Ginkgo biloba and whole coffee fruit extract can also support circulation and cognitive performance*.
The addition of coconut water powder is there to support with hydration and electrolyte balance*.
The certified organic ingredients (all listed at the bottom) and the quality of the sourcing put this over the top for me.
Update 09/2022: I became such a believer in – and unofficial ambassador of – Enso Supergreens that I decided to purchase the company and its formulas to further expand its mission to make it easy for everyone to live a healthy life! Bestgreenpowder.com is now an affiliate of Enso Superfoods!
What I love:
Designed to support heart function
Pretty good taste
Easy to mix
Convenient and easy to store
Nice texture
Proprietary beet formula
Low calorie
Expert endorsements
Third party tested
Caffeine-free and nut-free
Non-GMO
Beets grown in the USA (might be important to some)
No artificial sweetners or colors
Very nice and easy-to-use website
What could be better:
Has stevia
No mention of third party testing
Strong aftertaste
Not organic
Contains additivies
Not 100% all-natural product (this is a deal breaker for me!)
No superfoods for energy, cognition, and overall wellness
Does not offer free shipping
Reports of clumping from multiple reviews
★ Overall Rating
HumanN's beetroot powder is another great beetroot powder. It offers a convenient option for those seeking to support heart health, but it comes with a few notable drawbacks.
★ What I love ️
1) Heart Health Focus: Designed specifically to support cardiovascular wellness, this product stands out for its targeted approach.
2) Taste and Texture: I found the taste pleasant and the texture smooth, making it easier to incorporate into daily routines.
3) Convenience: The powder format is easy to store and use, fitting seamlessly into busy lifestyles.
4) Quality Assurance: There are several features that make this a quality product including the proprietary beet formula. Additionally, the expert endorsements lend credibility, which gave me peace of mind. Lastly, it is non-GMO, caffeine-free, and nut-free.
5) Health-Conscious Formulation: It's a low calorie option with no artificial sweeteners or colors. Although I find the stevia to be unpleasant and I don't like the afteraste.
★ What could be better
1) Not 100% Natural: Contains additives, which may be a dealbreaker for purists seeking an all-natural product.
2) Limited Scope: Focuses solely on heart health, lacking additional superfoods for energy, cognition, and overall wellness.
3) Taste Concerns: Some users report a strong aftertaste, potentially due to the inclusion of stevia.
4) Quality Concerns: Not organic. No explicit mention of third-party testing. Multiple reviews report issues with clumping
5) Cost of Shipping: Does not offer free shipping, adding to the overall cost.
★ Description
While HumanN's beetroot powder offers a convenient option for those prioritizing heart health, it may not be the ideal choice if you're looking for a purely natural, organic, or more comprehensive superfood supplement, which was very important to me and my father.
What I love:
Organic
Contains multiple beneficial ingredients
Proprietary heart health blend
Proprietary immunity blend
Prebiotic blend for digestion support
Low calorie
Strong customer reviews
Clinically tested ingredients
Money back guarantee
Non-GMO
Gluten free
Organic beets
What could be better:
Watery taste
Has stevia + stevia afteraste
Grainy texture
Nitrate content not specified
Processing method unclear
Does not offer free shipping
Not 100% all-natural product (this is a deal breaker for me!)
★ Overall Rating
Natrava's beetroot powder impresses with its organic, multi-benefit blend, but stumbles slightly on taste and texture. While it's not perfect, the thoughtful formulation and strong customer reviews make it a solid contender.
★ What I love ️
1. Organic Quality: Natrava prioritizes organic ingredients, including organic beets, ensuring a clean and natural product base.
2. Comprehensive Health Support:Proprietary heart health blend for cardiovascular support. Immunity blend to boost your body's defenses. Prebiotic blend for digestion support.
3. Nutrient-Rich Formula: Contains multiple beneficial ingredients, providing a well-rounded nutritional profile.
4. Health-Conscious Formulation: Low calorie option for those watching their intakeNon-GMO and gluten-free, catering to various dietary needs.
5. Quality Assurance: Clinically tested ingredients for efficacy. Strong customer reviews indicate user satisfaction.
6. Customer-Friendly Policies: Money-back guarantee offers peace of mind for first-time buyers.
★What could be better
1. Taste and Texture Concerns: I found the watery taste to be unappealing. Grainy texture definitely affected the overall drinking experience. It also contained stevia, which I think leaves an aftertaste I find unpleasant
2. Transparency Issues: Nitrate content not specified, which is crucial info for a beetroot supplement. Processing method is unclear, leaving questions about nutrient preservation.
3. Not 100% All-Natural: This could be a deal-breaker for purists seeking a completely natural product.
4. Shipping Costs: No free shipping option, which may increase the overall cost to consumers.
What I love:
Organic beetroot powder
Affordable pricing
Good taste
Easy to mix
Low calorie
Ability to buy in mass quantities
Vegan
Guluten free
No added sugars
What could be better:
Just beetroot powder
May be less effective for health benefits
Nitrate content not specified
Processing method unclear
Does not offer free shipping
★ Overall Rating
Bulk Supplements' beetroot powder offers a no-frills, affordable option for those seeking a pure beetroot supplement. While it may lack the comprehensive blend of some competitors, its simplicity and value make it an attractive choice for many health-conscious consumers.
★ What I love
1. Organic Quality: Bulk Supplements provides organic beetroot powder, ensuring a clean and natural product base.
2. Affordable Pricing: The product offers good value for money, making it accessible to a wide range of consumers.
3. Okay Taste: Unlike some beetroot powders, this one boasts a pleasant flavor, making it easier to incorporate into your daily routine.
4. Easy to Mix: The powder dissolves well, creating a smooth texture that's easy to drink or add to recipes.
5. Low Calorie: Ideal for those watching their calorie intake while still wanting to benefit from beetroot's nutritional profile.
6. Bulk Purchase Option: The ability to buy in mass quantities is perfect for regular users or those looking to stock up.
★ What could be better
1. Limited Ingredients: Contains just beetroot powder, which may be less effective for comprehensive health benefits compared to blends with multiple ingredients.
2. Nutrient Transparency: Nitrate content is not specified, which is crucial information for a beetroot supplement.
3. Processing Information: The method used to process the beetroot is unclear, leaving questions about nutrient preservation.
4. Shipping Costs: Does not offer free shipping, which could increase the overall cost for some buyers.
5. Health Claims: May be less effective for specific health benefits compared to more specialized formulations.
★ The Verdict
Bulk Supplements' Beetroot Powder is an excellent choice for those seeking a pure, organic beetroot supplement without any additional ingredients or frills. Its affordability, decent taste, and ease of use make it stand out in the market. However, if you're looking for a more comprehensive health supplement or require specific information about nitrate content, you might need to look elsewhere or combine this with other products. Overall, it's a solid option for beetroot purists.
What I love:
Formulated to support cardiovascular health
Non GMO
Gluten and soy free
Supports circulation
Supports energy
90 Day Money Back Guarantee
Available as a pouch or to go pack
What could be better:
Tastes artificial
Has stevia, strong aftertaste
Overly sweet taste
Grainy texture
Most expensive product
Does not offer free shipping
★ Overall Rating
Nature's Sunshine Power Beets offers a targeted approach to cardiovascular health and energy support, with convenient packaging options and a strong money-back guarantee. However, taste and texture issues, coupled with a higher price point, prevent it from achieving a top rating. It's a solid choice for those prioritizing circulation and energy benefits, but may not suit all palates or budgets.
★What I love:
1. Targeted Health Benefits: Nature's Sunshine has formulated this product specifically to support cardiovascular function, circulation, and energy levels. This focused approach may appeal to those with specific health goals or athletes looking to improve their performance.
2. Quality and Dietary Considerations: The product is non-GMO, gluten-free, and soy-free, catering to various dietary restrictions and preferences. These certifications demonstrate a commitment to quality and inclusivity for different consumer needs.
3. Guarantee and Packaging: The 90-day money-back guarantee is one of the most generous in the market, providing ample time for consumers to test the product's effectiveness. The availability in both pouch and to-go pack formats offers flexibility for different usage scenarios, from home use to on-the-go consumption.
★What could be better:
1. Taste and Texture: The product faces significant challenges in the taste department. I found the taste artificial with an overly sweet flavor and strong aftertaste. I think it may be unpleasant for many users. The grainy texture further compounds these issues, potentially making regular consumption difficult for some.
2. Ingredients: I am not a huge fan of stevia, while it helps sweeten the taste, I think it goes overboard and it contributes to the artificial flavor and strong aftertaste. This might be a dealbreaker for those sensitive to stevia or preferring more natural-tasting supplements.
3. Price Point: As the most expensive product in its category, Nature's Sunshine Power Beets did not score high on value IMO and I don't think the product justifies the higher price point
4. Shipping Policy: The lack of free shipping options adds to the already high cost of the product, potentially deterring some customers or reducing the overall value proposition.
What I love:
Organic beetroot powder
Made from whole beet root
Third party lab tested
Certified USDA organic
Vegan
GMO free
Extremely affordable
Dissolves well
What could be better:
Just beetroot powder
Neutral flavor
May be less effective for health benefits
Nitrate content not specified
Processing method unclear
Does not offer free shipping
★ Overall Rating
Nature's Bell Beetroot Powder offers a straightforward, high-quality option for those seeking a pure beetroot supplement. Its organic certification, third-party testing, and bulk sizing make it attractive for regular users. However, the lack of additional ingredients and some missing nutritional information prevent it from achieving a higher rating.
★ What I love
1. Purity and Quality: Nature's Bell impresses with its commitment to providing a pure, organic beetroot powder. The USDA organic certification and third-party lab testing demonstrate a focus on quality and transparency.
2. Bulk Sizing: The large 5 lb (2.26 kg) package size offers excellent value for regular users or those who prefer to buy in bulk. This can be both cost-effective and convenient for long-term users.
3. Usability: The powder's good solubility makes it easy to incorporate into various recipes or drinks, enhancing its versatility and user-friendliness.
4. Value: Despite its size and quality certifications, the product remains extremely affordable. This makes it accessible to a wide range of consumers looking for a high-quality beetroot supplement.
★ What could be better:
1. Limited Formulation: As a pure beetroot powder, the product may offer limited benefits compared to blends that include other complementary ingredients. Some users might prefer a more comprehensive supplement.
2. Flavor Profile: The neutral flavor, while inoffensive, might not appeal to those who prefer a more distinctive taste in their supplements. This could impact user enjoyment and adherence.Nutritional Information:The lack of specified nitrate content is a notable omission, especially for those seeking beetroot powder for its potential cardiovascular benefits. More detailed nutritional information would be beneficial.
3. Processing Method: Clarity about the processing methods used to create the powder is lacking. This information could help users understand how well the product preserves the natural nutrients of beetroot.
4. Shipping Policy: The absence of free shipping options could increase the overall cost for some consumers, potentially offsetting its affordability for those making frequent purchases.
What I love:
Organic beetroot powder
Designed to support energy and blood flow
Designed to support nitric oxide production
GMO free
USDA Organic
Gluten Free
Vegan
Available in multiple outlets
What could be better:
Many reviews report adverse side effects
Heavy on the mouth, coats your mouth
Doesn't taste like anything
A bit of an aftertaste
Slightly grainy texture
Has stevia
No mention of this being an all natural product
★ Overall Rating
Force Factor's Total Beets presents a focused approach to beetroot supplementation, emphasizing energy support and blood flow enhancement. Its organic certification and availability in multiple outlets are strong points. However, reported side effects and taste issues are significant concerns that prevent it from achieving a higher rating.
★ What I love:
1. Targeted Benefits: The product is designed specifically to support energy levels and blood flow through nitric oxide production. This focused approach may appeal to athletes or individuals with particular cardiovascular health goals.
2. Quality Certifications: Total Beets boasts several important certifications, including USDA Organic, GMO-free, gluten-free, and vegan. These certifications cater to a wide range of dietary preferences and health concerns.
3. Dosage: With 5 grams per serving, the product offers a substantial dose of beetroot powder, potentially enhancing its effectiveness.
4. Availability: The availability of Total Beets in multiple outlets adds convenience for consumers who prefer to shop around or purchase their supplements in-store.
★ What could be better:
1. Reported Side Effects: The reviews reporting adverse side effects are concerning. This suggests that the product may not be well-tolerated by all users, which is a significant drawback for any supplement.
2. Taste and Texture: Complaints about the product being heavy on the mouth, tasteless, and having an aftertaste indicate that the flavor profile needs improvement. The slightly grainy texture could also be off-putting for some users.
3. Ingredient Transparency: The inclusion of stevia and lack of clarity on whether the product is all-natural raise questions about the formulation. More transparency about all ingredients and their sources would be beneficial.
4. Health Claims: While the product is designed to support energy and blood flow, more specific information about its effectiveness and any supporting studies would strengthen its claims.
What I love:
Organic beetroot powder
Made from whole beet root
Third party lab tested
Certified USDA organic
Vegan
GMO free
Extremely affordable
Dissolves well
What could be better:
Just beetroot powder
Neutral flavor
May be less effective for health benefits
Nitrate content not specified
Processing method unclear
Does not offer free shipping
★ Overall Rating
Snap Supplements' Nitric Oxide formula offers a well-rounded approach to beetroot supplementation, combining organic beetroot powder with complementary ingredients. Its focus on nitric oxide production, coupled with third-party testing and affordability, makes it a strong contender. However, some transparency issues and potential taste concerns keep it from achieving a perfect score.
★What I love:
1. Ingredient Blend: Snap Supplements goes beyond just beetroot powder by including pomegranate and red spinach in their formula. This thoughtful combination may enhance the overall health benefits, particularly for nitric oxide production and cardiovascular health.
2. Quality Assurance: The product's organic certification and third-party lab testing demonstrate a commitment to quality and transparency. This can provide peace of mind to consumers concerned about the purity and potency of their supplements.
3. Usability: The powder's excellent solubility makes it easy to incorporate into daily routines. This user-friendly aspect can encourage consistent use, potentially maximizing the supplement's benefits over time.
★ What could be better:
1. Flavor Profile: The neutral flavor, while inoffensive, may not appeal to those who prefer a more distinctive taste in their supplements. This could potentially impact user enjoyment and adherence to the supplement regimen.
2. Nutritional Transparency: The lack of specified nitrate content is a notable omission, especially for a product focused on nitric oxide production. More detailed information about the potency of the beetroot and other ingredients would be beneficial for consumers.
3. Processing Information: Clarity about the processing methods used for the beetroot and other ingredients is lacking. This information could help users understand how well the product preserves the natural nutrients of its components.
4. Shipping Policy: The absence of free shipping options may increase the overall cost for some consumers, potentially offsetting its affordability for those making frequent purchases.
What I love:
Organic beetroot powder
Nitrate levels tested
Freeze dried to preserve nutritional value
Made from whole beet root
Certified USDA organic
USA grown
Gluten free
Affordable
What could be better:
Just beetroot powder
Very gritty
Unpleasant earthy flavor
May be less effective for health benefits
Clunky website
Does not offer free shipping
★ Overall Rating
Koyah Beetroot Powder stands out for its commitment to quality and nutrient preservation, offering a freeze-dried, organic product with tested nitrate levels. However, taste and texture issues, along with a lack of additional beneficial ingredients, prevent it from being a top-tier option. It's an excellent choice for those seeking a pure, potent beetroot supplement, but may not satisfy users looking for a more palatable or comprehensive health product.
★ What I love
1. Quality and Processing: Koyah excels in preserving the nutritional value of beetroot through its freeze-drying process. This method helps retain more nutrients compared to other processing techniques, potentially offering a more potent supplement. The fact that nitrate levels are tested adds a layer of transparency and reliability to the product's potential health benefits.
2. Certifications and Origin: The USDA organic certification and US-grown beets speak to Koyah's commitment to quality and support of domestic agriculture. These factors may appeal to consumers concerned about pesticide use and the origin of their supplements.
Nutritional Profile: By using whole beet root and carefully preserving its nutrients, Koyah offers a product that closely mimics the nutritional profile of fresh beets. This could be particularly appealing to those seeking a natural, minimally processed supplement.
★ What could be better:
1. Taste and Texture: The very gritty texture and unpleasant earthy flavor are significant drawbacks. These factors could make the product challenging to consume regularly, potentially limiting its long-term benefits for users who struggle with the taste.
2. Limited Ingredients: While the focus on pure beetroot powder ensures a concentrated source of beet nutrients, it may limit the overall health benefits compared to more comprehensive blends. Some users might prefer a product that combines beetroot with other complementary ingredients.
3. Website User Experience: The website is not as intuitive as others and could make the ordering process more difficult than necessary.
4. Shipping Policy: The lack of free shipping options may increase the overall cost for consumers, potentially deterring some buyers or reducing the product's value proposition.
What I love:
Organic beetroot powder
Made from whole beet root
Certified USDA organic
Vegan
GMO free
Manufactured in the USA
Extremely affordable
30 day money back guarantee
What could be better:
Just beetroot powder
Tastes really sweet
Grainy texture
May be less effective for health benefits
Nitrate content not specified
Processing method unclear
Does not offer free shipping
★ Overall Rating
Kos offers an organic beetroot powder that's USDA certified and packed with potential health benefits. While it boasts several positive attributes, there are a few drawbacks to consider.
★ What I love:
1. Quality and Certifications: Kos impresses with its commitment to quality. Their beetroot powder is certified USDA organic, ensuring a clean and natural product. It's made from whole beet root, catering to those who prefer minimally processed supplements. The vegan and GMO-free certifications further enhance its appeal to health-conscious consumers.
2. Manufacturing and Origin: Manufactured in the USA, this product offers reassurance to those concerned about production standards and supporting domestic industry. This local production may also contribute to fresher products and potentially lower transportation-related environmental impact.
3. Value and Guarantee: With 90 servings per container, Kos offers excellent value for money, making it an attractive option for regular users. The 30-day money-back guarantee demonstrates the company's confidence in their product and provides a safety net for first-time buyers, encouraging them to try the supplement without financial risk.
★ What could be better
1. Taste and Texture: The powder's overly sweet taste might not appeal to all palates, especially those expecting a more neutral or earthy flavor. The grainy texture could be off-putting for some users, potentially affecting the overall enjoyment and ease of consumption.
2. Nutritional Information: The lack of specified nitrate content is a significant drawback. Nitrate levels are crucial for those seeking cardiovascular benefits from beetroot supplements, and this omission makes it difficult for consumers to gauge the product's potential effectiveness.
3. Processing and Preservation: The unclear processing method raises questions about nutrient preservation. More transparency in this area would help consumers understand how the product's nutritional value compares to fresh beets or other processing methods.
4. Additional Features: As a pure beetroot powder, this product may offer limited benefits compared to blends that include other superfoods or supporting ingredients. Some consumers might prefer a more comprehensive supplement.Shipping Policy:The absence of free shipping options may increase the overall cost for consumers, potentially offsetting its affordability. This could be a deterrent for those looking to try the product or make regular purchases.
So to recap, I was looking for a beetroot powder for my father because he struggles with heart health issues and low energy. To be honest, I didn't go into this thinking I'd personally fall in love with any of them!
Live it Up checked all of my boxes. It has high quality organic beetroot powder. Beets have an effect on cardiovascular health, which was important to me. Additionally, they have all natural superfood blends that promote sustained energy, immunity, and well-being. What put it over the top was that its an all natural product - real food only and it actually tastes delicious (like a lemony juice)and has a very competitive price.
Their ingredient list is as transparent as it can be, front and centered on their site and packaging. These are all superfoods with high nutrient density and certified organic ingredients that our body needs to function in the best way possible. Also checks the box for all the main allergies with a nut, gluten, dairy, and sugar-free product.
Overall I'm thrilled that I found a beetroot powder that is healthy and tastes good. I hope you found this review helpful and that you also find your daily organic beetroot powder that can help make sure you're getting what you need every day!
My Research Links:
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.823039/full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5295087/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S014628062100102X
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37875637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683255/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-69931-xhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.2577
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464611000673
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27278926/#1